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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="redalyc">504</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title specific-use="original" xml:lang="in">Health Information: Jurnal Penelitian</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2085-0840</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">2622-5905</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Poltekkes Kemenkes Kendari</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>
<country>Indonesia</country>
<email>jurnaldanhakcipta@poltekkes-kdi.ac.id</email>
</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="art-access-id" specific-use="redalyc">5042238003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">https://doi.org/10.36990/hijp.v13i2.277</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Original Research</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="in">Koping Individu Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Berobat Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru di Kabupaten Konawe</article-title>
<trans-title-group>
<trans-title xml:lang="en">Individual Coping Associated with Medication Compliance on Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Konawe District</trans-title>
</trans-title-group>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
<name name-style="western">
<surname>Atoy</surname>
<given-names>Lena</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="corresp1"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
<email>lena.atoy@gmail.com</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name name-style="western">
<surname>Syukur Bau</surname>
<given-names>Abd</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1">
<institution content-type="original">Jurusan Keperawatan, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kendari, Indonesia </institution>
<institution content-type="orgname">Jurusan Keperawatan, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kendari, Indonesia </institution>
<country country="ID">Indonesia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<institution content-type="original">Jurusan Keperawatan, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kendari, Indonesia</institution>
<institution content-type="orgname">Jurusan Keperawatan, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kendari, Indonesia</institution>
<country country="ID">Indonesia</country>
</aff>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="corresp1">
<email>lena.atoy@gmail.com</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
<season>Julio-Diciembre</season>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<fpage>61</fpage>
<history>
<date date-type="received" publication-format="dd mes yyyy">
<day>19</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted" publication-format="dd mes yyyy">
<day>21</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</date>
<date date-type="pub" publication-format="dd mes yyyy">
<day>29</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the works authorship and initial publication in this journal and able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journals published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book).</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2021</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>the Author(s)</copyright-holder>
<ali:free_to_read/>
<license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">
<ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/</ali:license_ref>
<license-p>This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract xml:lang="in">
<title>Ringkasan</title>
<p>Masih tingginya kejadian tuberkulosis paru (TB paru) di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Kuman <italic>mycobacterium tuberkulosis</italic> hanya dapat diobati dengan mengikuti pengobatan yang panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui huhungan koping individu dengan kepatuhan berobat pasien TB paru di kabupaten Konawe. Digunakan metode total sampling dalam penentuan besar sampel, dan pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi. Sejumlah 60 responden mengikuti penelitian ini. Hasil uji statistik <italic>Chi-square</italic> dengan nilai p 0.001, terdapat hubungan antara koping individu dengan kepatuhan berobat pasien TB paru.</p>
</abstract>
<trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
<title>Abstract</title>
<p>The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (pulmonary TB) is still high in Southeast Sulawesi Province. Mycobacterium tuberculosis can only be treated by following a long course of treatment. This study aimed to determine the relationship between individual coping with treatment adherence of pulmonary TB patients in Konawe district. Total sampling method was used in determining the sample size, and data collection using observation sheets. A total of 60 respondents participated in this study. The results of the Chi-square statistical test with a p value of 0.001, there was a relationship between individual coping with treatment adherence of pulmonary TB patients.</p>
</trans-abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="in">
<title>Kata kunci</title>
<kwd>Koping individu</kwd>
<kwd>Kepatuhan berobat</kwd>
<kwd>Kabupaten Konawe</kwd>
<kwd>Tuberkulosis paru</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
<title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Individual coping</kwd>
<kwd>Medication compliance</kwd>
<kwd>Distric of Konawe</kwd>
<kwd>Pulmonary tuberculosis</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<funding-group>
<award-group award-type="grant">
<funding-source>Poltekkes Kemenkes Kendari</funding-source>
<award-id>UT.01.01/1/4665/2019</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
<counts>
<fig-count count="0"/>
<table-count count="2"/>
<equation-count count="0"/>
<ref-count count="17"/>
</counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body>
<sec>
<title>
<bold>PENDAHULUAN</bold>
</title>
<p>Penyakit tuberkulosis (TB) pada masyarakat disebabkan oleh kuman <italic>mycobacterium tuberkulosis</italic> yang menulari antar manusia melalui cairan tenggorokan, dengan gejala klinisnya adalah nyeri dada dan otot, tidak nafsu makan, batuk lebih dari dua minggu, demam, dan tanpa beraktivitas keringat pada malam hari (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref14">Panjaitan, 2013</xref>). Kejadian TB paru masih menjadi salah satu penyebab komorbiditas dan mortalitas tertinggi di dunia, 1,6 juta kematian setiap tahun, dan menginfeksi lebih dari 10 juta orang (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref7">Houben &amp; Dodd, 2016</xref>; <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref16">World Health Organization, 2013</xref>). 5-10% infeksi bakteri mycobacterium tuberkulosis berkembang menjadi TB aktif (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref10">Jick et al., 2006</xref>). Manajemen mereka dengan LTBI sangat penting untuk menghentikan penularan TB. Kemanjuran pengobatan LTBI tergantung pada kepatuhan terhadap terapi, sementara tingkat penyelesaian sangat bervariasi pada 60-90% (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref17">World Health Organization, 2018</xref>).</p>
<p>Data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara menyatakan bahwa kasus TB tertinggi terjadi di kota Kendari dengan 262/100.000 penduduk, kabupaten Muna 157/100.000 penduduk, kabupaten Konawe Selatan 127/100.000, Kolaka Utara 105/100.000, kota Bau Bau 91/100.000 (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref2">Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara, 2021</xref>).</p>
<p>Tingginya kejadian TB paru memberikan dampak yang luas pada hampir seluruh lini kehidupan. Terjadinya pengangguran, malnutrisi, pendidikan yang tidak selesai, sanitasi yang buruk, tingkat sosial ekonomi dan pendapatan yang rendah, merokok, dan kerentanan terhadap penyakit lain (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref9">Jauhar et al., 2019</xref>; <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref15">Stanhope &amp; Lancaster, 2014</xref>).</p>
<p>Program Pemerintah melalui <italic>Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course</italic> (DOTS) diimplementasikan oleh Puskesmas dan Rumah Sakit sebagai upaya pencapaian keberhasilan pengobatan TB paru. Salah satu layanan DOTS yang berupa penyuluhan tentang TB kepada penderita dan anggota keluarganya melalui discharge planning yang bertujuan agar terjadi pengelolaan diri sendiri (<italic>self-management support</italic>), dan kolaborasi dengan kelompok masyarakat.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="materials|methods">
<title>
<bold>METODE</bold>
</title>
<p>Desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan <italic>explanatory research</italic> dengan pengambilan data secara <italic>cross-sectional study</italic> pada populasi pasien TB paru sejumlah 60 orang yang kesemuanya dipilih sebagai responden, penentuan besar sampel secara total sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi. Data hasil penelitian diuji statistik menggunakan metode uji <italic>Chi-square</italic>, nilai kemaknaan 95%.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="results">
<title>
<bold>HASIL</bold>
</title>
<p>
<table-wrap id="gt1">
<label>Tabel 1</label>
<caption>
<title>Karakteristik responden, koping individu, dan kepatuhan berobat</title>
<p>Variabel karekteristik responden dibagi ke dalam berbagai kriteria. Responden dengan rentan umur 30-49 tahun merupakan yang terbanyak (85%), berpendidikan tingkat menengah atas (60%), menikah (88,3%), dan tidak memiliki pekerjaan atau bekerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga (38,3%).</p>
<p>Sedangkan variabel koping individu dan kepatuhan berobat berdasarkan kriteria, koping baik (48,3%), koping kurang (51,7%). Patuh berobat (56,7%) dan tidak patuh berobat (43,3%). </p>
</caption>
<alt-text>Tabel 1 Karakteristik responden, koping individu, dan kepatuhan berobat</alt-text>
<graphic xlink:href="5042238003_gt2.png" position="anchor" orientation="portrait"/>
<attrib>
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://purl.org/10.36990/hijp.v13i2.277.t001">https://purl.org/10.36990/hijp.v13i2.277.t001</ext-link>
</attrib>
</table-wrap>
</p>
<p>
<table-wrap id="gt2">
<label>Tabel 2</label>
<caption>
<title>Uji statistik chi-square</title>
<p>Uji statistik menggunakan metode uji <italic>chi-square</italic> dengan menghubungkan koping individu dan kepatuhan berobat. Hasil dari uji statistik ini adalah nilai p 0,000.</p>
</caption>
<alt-text>Tabel 2 Uji statistik chi-square</alt-text>
<graphic xlink:href="5042238003_gt3.png" position="anchor" orientation="portrait"/>
<attrib>
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://purl.org/10.36990/hijp.v13i2.277.t002">https://purl.org/10.36990/hijp.v13i2.277.t002</ext-link>
</attrib>
</table-wrap>
</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="discussion">
<title>
<bold>PEMBAHASAN</bold>
</title>
<sec>
<title>
<bold>Usia, Status Perkawinan, dan Pendidikan</bold>
</title>
<p>Mayoritas responden berada pada rentang umur 30-49 tahun (85%) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="gt1">Tabel 1</xref>), dan termasuk ke dalam kategori dewasa muda, dan produktif. Kasus TB yang dilaporkan secara Nasional, penderita TB paru di Indonesia berusia 25-44 tahun (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref11">Kementerian Kesehatan RI &amp; Sekretariat Jendral, 2016</xref>). 53 dari tujuh responden berstatus telah menikah (<xref ref-type="table" rid="gt1">Tabel 1</xref>). Kendati demikian, TB paru umumnya tidak berhubungan dengan status perkawinan. Risiko tertular TB paru dapat terjadi pada orang dewasa yang telah menikah dan belum menikah. 60% responden berpendidikan akhir Menengah Atas, dan selebihnya, berpendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Pertama (<xref ref-type="table" rid="gt1">Tabel 1</xref>).</p>
<p>Kejadian TB paru pada orang dewasa disebabkan oleh paparan infeksi primer sebelumnya, keterbatasan informasi penularan penyakit peningkatan interaksi dan sosialisasi kepada individu yang terinfeksi TB paru, dan konsumsi merokok yang tinggi (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref5">Bauer et al., 2013</xref>; <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref8">Jauhar et al., 2018</xref>; <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref14">Panjaitan, 2013</xref>).</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>
<bold>Koping Individu dan Kepatuhan Berobat

</bold>
</title>
<p>Koping penderita TB paru sangat penting dalam menjalani masa pengobatan yang panjang. Secara statistik, terdapat hubungan antara koping penderita TB paru dengan kepatuhan berobat (<xref ref-type="table" rid="gt2">Tabel 2</xref>). <italic>Self efficacy</italic> yang merupakan bagian dari koping, merupakan keyakinan individu tentang kemampuan untuk mendapatkan hasil terbaik jika secara tekun menjalani pengobatan TB paru (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref3">Bandura, 1997</xref>).</p>
<p>Kepatuhan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, koping dan kepatuhan berobat responden terbagi ke dalam dua kategori besar (<xref ref-type="table" rid="gt1">Tabel 1</xref>). Hal ini dapat menjawab mengapa masih tingginya kasus TB paru di Sulawesi Tenggara (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref2">Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara, 2021</xref>).</p>
<p>Kondisi kesehatan fisik dan mental dapat menurunkan motivasi untuk sembuh oleh penderita TB paru (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref1">Ayé et al., 2011</xref>; <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref6">de Jong, 2011</xref>; <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref9">Jauhar et al., 2019</xref>). Dalam implementasi tatalaksana penanganan TB paru, tenaga kesehatan menggali persepsi pasien TB paru pada kemampuan, kelebihan, dan hambatan dalam melaksanakan perilaku sehat, memberikan penguatan positif terhadap komitmen rasa percaya akan dirinya, menyediakan lingkungan yang mendukung, memberikan kesempatan untuk mempraktekkan perilaku kesehatan (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref12">Lee et al., 2014</xref>).</p>
<p>Konseling manajemen diri untuk meningkatkan koping merupakan komponen isyarat dalam mengubah persepsi kepercayaan diri individu tentang kemampuannya untuk berperilaku sehat dan memastikan kepatuhan pengobatan. Penderita TB paru membutuhkan pendampingan oleh keluarga selama pengobatan TB.</p>
<p>Keluarga merupakan faktor pendukung dalam pengelolaan kondisi psikologis penderita TB paru, sehingga dapat meningkatkan mekanisme koping, dan meminimalkan stres atau depresi selama perawatan. Lingkungan yang mendukung juga memungkinkan pasien TB paru untuk mematuhi dan berhasil menyelesaikan pengobatan TB paru (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref4">Barker &amp; Chang, 2013</xref>; <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="redalyc_5042238003_ref13">McDaniel et al., 2014</xref>).</p>
</sec>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="conclusions">
<title>
<bold>KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN</bold>
</title>
<p>Terdapat hubungan koping responden TB paru dengan kepatuhan untuk berobat. Perlu pengembangan intervensi nonfarmakologi sesuai kebutuhan penderita TB paru.</p>
<sec>
<title>
<bold>Kekurangan Penelitian</bold>
</title>
<p>Metode penelitian hanya mengeksplorasi mekanisme koping tanpa menjabarkan faktor-faktor yang mungkin mempengaruhi koping tersebut.</p>
</sec>
</sec>
</body>
<back>
<ack>
<title>Mengakui</title>
<p>Penelitian ini didanai oleh Poltekkes Kemenkes Kendari.</p>
</ack>
<ref-list>
<title>
<bold>DAFTAR PUSTAKA</bold>
</title>
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<fn-group>
<title>Catatan kaki</title>
<fn id="fn1" fn-type="other">
<label>
<bold>Catatan Penerbit</bold>
</label>
<p> Poltekkes Kemenkes Kendari menyatakan tetap netral sehubungan dengan klaim dari perspektif atau buah pikiran yang diterbitkan dan dari afiliasi institusional manapun.</p>
</fn>
<fn id="fn2" fn-type="other">
<label>
<bold>Pernyataan Konflik Kepentingan</bold>
</label>
<p> Para penulis menyatakan tidak ada konflik kepentingan.</p>
</fn>
<fn id="fn3" fn-type="other">
<label>
<bold>Kontribusi Penulis</bold>
</label>
<p> Tidak dideklarasikan.</p>
</fn>
<fn id="fn4" fn-type="other">
<label>
<bold>Berbagi Data</bold>
</label>
<p> Tidak ada data yang dibagikan.</p>
</fn>
</fn-group>
</back>
</article>
