How to Cite
Abstract
Background: Economic crisis that hit Indonesia in 1997 has increased the proportion of poor families, causing the decline in purchasing power for foods and health service. This condition will consequently lead to health problems in underfives. One of the government policies in efforts to minimize the impact of economic crisis is implementing social security network system in some aspects, one of them is in health called Jaring Pengaman Sosial Bidang Kesehatan (JPS-BK). One of the programs of JPS-BK is implementing breastfeeding program for poor families throughout Indonesia.
Objective: To identify the effectiveness of complementary breastfeeding program implementation in efforts to increase consumption and nutrition status of underfives at Kendari Municipality.
Method: This was an evaluative research that used prospective design. The study was undertaken at Kendari Municipality from March to October 2005 with as many as 90 underfives and 3 selected health centers as samples. Data obtained consisted of number of family members, education of mothers, family income, weight and age of underfives, consumption of energy and protein. Data were processed using computer and presented in tables and narration. Data analysis used hypothetical test with paired t-test and chi square.
Result: The result of the study showed that education of non target group of complementary breastfeeding program was higher than the target group, i.e. the proportion of elementary education of the target group was 67.3% and non target was 32.7%. The number family members of the target group mostly (76.1%) belonged to catur warga (a family of 4 members) and non target that belonged to catur warga was 3.9%. The condition of the two groups did not have different variance. The proportion of the target group that had adequate income was 72% and non target was 28%. The target group that lacked protein energy reached 90% and non target group reached 80%. The study revealed that number of family members, income, and education of mothers were not associated with nutrition status of underfives, either in the target group or non target group of the program. Complementary breastfeeding program had effectively increased energy consumption, but not protein consumption, of target underfives. The program had also effectively minimize z-score or increased nutrition status of target underfives, i.e. 0.625 point for child’s consumption days or > 30 days; 0.383 point for child’s consumption days 11-30 days and 0.321 point for child’s consumption days < 10 days.
Conclusion: The size and income of the family, and education of mothers were not the factors associated with nutrition status of underfives, either in the target or non target group. Complementary breastfeeding program had effectively increased consumption of energy, not protein, of the target underfives. The program had also effectively reduced z-score or improved nutrition status of target underfives.