STRATEGI MEMBANGUN BUDAYA CARING PERAWAT BERBASIS PELAYANAN SPIRITUAL CARE MELALUI PENDEKATAN SOSIOECOLOGICAL MODEL; STUDI FENOMENOLOGI

Nuridah Nuridah; Yodang Yodang

doi:10.36990/hijp.v17i1.1668

Authors

Nuridah Nuridah Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka, Indonesia
Yodang Yodang Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36990/hijp.v17i1.1668

Keywords:

Budaya, Organisasi, Layanan kesehatan, Perawatan Spiritual

Abstract

Ringkasan: Latar Belakang: Integrasi aspek spiritual dalam budaya caring perawat di rumah sakit masih terbatas, sementara pendekatan socioecological model jarang digunakan untuk memperkuat budaya caring keperawatan. Hambatan pelayanan spiritual mencakup ketidakpahaman perawat, kurangnya dukungan organisasi, dan terbatasnya sarana prasarana spiritual care. Tujuan: Mengeksplorasi strategi membangun budaya caring perawat berbasis pelayanan spiritual care melalui pendekatan socioecological model dalam setting rumah sakit. Metode: Studi fenomenologi dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap 19 partisipan di RS Benyamin Guluh Kolaka. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik Colaizzi dan diklasifikasikan berdasarkan lima level socioecological model. Hasil: Teridentifikasi lima strategi utama: intrapersonal (kesadaran kebutuhan spiritual pasien), interpersonal (dukungan keluarga dan perawat), komunitas (budaya saling membantu), organisasi (kebutuhan SDM dan fasilitas), dan kebijakan (belum ada regulasi spiritual care). Temuan menunjukkan praktik spiritual care membutuhkan dukungan multilevel sistematis. Simpulan: Strategi budaya caring dalam spiritual care berakar pada nilai budaya lokal melalui pendekatan multilevel socioecological model dengan tantangan utama kurangnya kebijakan mendukung. Saran: Diperlukan pendekatan komprehensif mulai edukasi individu, pelatihan tenaga kesehatan, pemberdayaan komunitas, hingga advokasi kebijakan untuk memperkuat praktik spiritual care berbasis budaya caring.

References

Abdullah, Saleh, A., & Syahrul, S. (2022). Kolaborasi Perawat-Rohaniawan Dalam Penerapan Spiritual Dirumah Sakit: a Scoping Review. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (Scientific Journal of Nursing), 8(1), 67–80. https://doi.org/10.33023/jikep.v8i1.863

Adi Wijaya, Y., Luh Putu Suardini Yudhawati, N., & Khaqul Ilmy, S. (2022). Pengembangan Model Konseptual Dan Teori Keperawatan: Perbedaan Dan Identifikasi Kelompok Teori Keperawatan Antara Tingkat Philosophy Theory, Grand Theories, Middle Range Theories and the Nursing Theory of Practice. Sains Keperawatan, 14, 1–22.

Ahmad, S. N. A., Pangestu, P. D., & Hakim, F. (2020). Hubungan Budaya Organisasi dengan Perilaku Caring Perawat Pelaksana di RSUP. Dr. Sitanala Tangerang. Simposium Nasional Multidisiplin, 2, 156–166.

Balboni, M. J., Sullivan, A., Enzinger, A. C., Epstein-Peterson, Z. D., Tseng, Y. D., Mitchell, C., Niska, J., Zollfrank, A., Vanderweele, T. J., & Balboni, T. A. (2014). Nurse and physician barriers to spiritual care provision at the end of life. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 48(3), 400–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.09.020

Benito, E., Oliver, A., Galiana, L., Barreto, P., Pascual, A., Gomis, C., & Barbero, J. (2014). Development and validation of a new tool for the assessment and spiritual care of palliative care patients. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 47(6), 1008-1018.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.06.018

Benton, K., Zerbo, K. R., Decker, M., & Buck, B. (2019). Development and Evaluation of an Outpatient Palliative Care Clinic. Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing, 21(2), 160–166. https://doi.org/10.1097/NJH.0000000000000544

Digdowirogo, H. S., Husein, B., Zulfiyah, I. A., Kehormatan, M., Kedokteran, E., Besar, P., & Dokter Indonesia, I. (2021). Hak Pendampingan Spiritual pada Pasien dengan Penyakit Terminal. Jurnal Etika Kedokteran Indonesia, 5(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.26880/jeki.v5i1.54

Djannah, S. N., & Ruliyandari, R. (2020). Analisis Kebutuhan Masyarakat Terhadap Rumah Sakit Berbasis Syariah Berdasakan Sikap. JUMANTIK (Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian Kesehatan), 5(2). http://jurnal.uinsu.ac.id/index.php/kesmas/article/view/7146%0Ahttp://jurnal.uinsu.ac.id/index.php/kesmas/article/download/7146/3687

Donesky, D., Sprague, E., & Joseph, D. (2020). A new perspective on spiritual care: Collaborative chaplaincy and nursing practice. Advances in Nursing Science, 43(2), 147–158. https://doi.org/10.1097/ANS.0000000000000298

Ellina, A. D. (2022). Culturally based caring model in nursing services. Kontakt, 24(3), 212–218. https://doi.org/10.32725/kont.2022.027

Freeman, R. C., Sukuan, N., Tota, N. M., Bell, S. M., Harris, A. G., & Wang, H. L. (2020). Promoting Spiritual Healing by Stress Reduction Through Meditation for Employees at a Veterans Hospital: A CDC Framework–Based Program Evaluation. Workplace Health and Safety, 68(4), 161–170. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079919874795

Green, A., Kim-Godwin, Y. S., & Jones, C. W. (2020). Perceptions of Spiritual Care Education, Competence, and Barriers in Providing Spiritual Care Among Registered Nurses. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 38(1), 41–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898010119885266

Haris, F., Auliyantika, Y., Putra, F. B., Aliyah, W. J., & Afandi, M. (2020). Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Spiritual Pasien Terpasang Alat Medis?: Persepsi Pasien. Jurnal Keperawatan, 12(1), 79–84.

Hidayah, N., Arbianingsih, Huriyati, Rauf, S., Amal, A. A., Ashar, M. U., & Yusuf, S. (2018). Aplikasi Spiritual Islamic Nursing Care (SINC). 2(September), 61–71.

Ijriani, A., & Rahmawati, R. (2021). Intervensi Spiritual Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien Kanker Serviks. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA), 3(3), 109–114. https://doi.org/10.36590/jika.v3i3.194

Ilhamsyah, Sjattar, E. L., Hadju, V., & Safruddin. (2021). Hubungan Pelaksanaan Keperawatan Spritual Terhadap Kepuasan Spritual Pasien Di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina. Jurnal Kesehatan Panrita Husada, 6(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37362/jkph.v6i1.333

McSherry, W., & Jamieson, S. (2011). An online survey of nurses’ perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 20(11–12), 1757–1767. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03547.x

Meybodi, A. R., & Mohammadi, M. (2020). Identifying the components of spirituality affecting the resilience of nurses. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13235

Mukisi. (2017). Pedoman Standar Pelayanan Minimal Rumah Sakit Syariah dan Indikator Mutu Wajib Syariah.

Novitasari, Y. (2017). Kompetensi Spiritualitas Mahasiswa. JOMSIGN: Journal of Multicultural Studies in Guidance and Counseling, 1(1), 45–70. http://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/JOMSIGN%5Cnhttp://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/JOMSIGN/article/view/6051

Nuridah., & Yodang. (2020). Hambatan Penerapan Pelayanan Asuhan Keperawatan Spiritual di Rumah Sakit. Jurnal Endurance?: Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan, 5(3), 615–623. https://doi.org/hrrp://doi.org/10.22216/jen.v5i3.4735

Nuridah, N., Yodang, Y., & Burhanuddin, Y. E. (2022). Hambatan Pelayanan Ibadah Dalam Spritual Care Pada Perspektif Sosioecological Model. Jurnal Endurance?: 7(3).

Osório, I. H. S., Gonçalves, L. M., Pozzobon, P. M., Gaspar Júnior, J. J., Miranda, F. M., Lucchetti, A. L. G., & Lucchetti, G. (2017). Effect of an educational intervention in “spirituality and health” on knowledge, attitudes, and skills of students in health-related areas: A controlled randomized trial. Medical Teacher, 39(10), 1057–1064. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2017.1337878

Paal, P., Helo, Y., & Frick, E. (2015). Spiritual Care Training Provided to Healthcare Professionals: A Systematic Review. The Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling?: JPCC, 69(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/1542305015572955

Pajnkihar, M., & Vrbnjak, D. (2024). Learning Theories and Their Relevance. The Sage Handbook of Nursing Education . (C. Hall, M. Gobbi, K. Parker, & Patricia Yoder-Wise (Eds.)). SAGE Publications.

Potter, P. A., Perry, A. G., Stockert, P. A., & Hall, A. (2021). Fundamentals of nursing-e-book . Elsevier health sciences. (2021). 2021.

Purba, M. A. (2019). Peran Perawat Dalam Menerapkan Tahapan Pengkajian Proses Keperawatan Berbasis Spiritual. PPKB Spiritual, 1–9.

Puspita, N., Indrawat, E., & Program, S. S. (2024). Hubungan Kecerdasan Spiritual Dengan Perilaku Caring Perawat. 15(2), 513–520. https://doi.org/10.34305/jikbh.v15i02.1460

Ramadani, S. P., Hastuti, M. F., & Yulanda, N. A. (2020). Kebutuhan Spiritual dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Hiv/Aids: Literature Review. Jurnal Proners.

Rassool, G. H. (2021). Re-Examining the Anatomy of Islamic Psychotherapy and Counselling: Envisioned and Enacted Practices. Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal, 4(2), 132–144. https://doi.org/10.25217/igcj.v4i2.1840

Riyadi, A., Hadziq, A., & Murtadho, A. (2019). Bimbingan Konseling Islam Bagi Pasien Rawat Inap Semarang Islamic Counselling Guidance For Inpatients. Jurnal SMaRT Studi Masyarakat, Religi Dan Tradisi, 05(01), 85–99.

Riyadi, T., Rahardjo, T. B., & Rumengan, G. (2018). Pengembangan Kebijakan Spiritual Care secara Menyeluruh dan Holistik. Kesehatan, 8(2), 9.

Ruth-Sahd, L. A., Hauck, C. B., & Sahd-Brown, K. E. (2018). Collaborating with hospital chaplains to meet the spiritual needs of critical care patients. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing, 37(1), 18–25. https://doi.org/10.1097/DCC.0000000000000279

Shepherd, S. M., Willis-esqueda, C., Newton, D., Sivasubramaniam, D., & Paradies, Y. (2019). The challenge of cultural competence in the workplace?: perspectives of healthcare providers. 7, 1–11.

Steinhauser, K. E., Olsen, A., Johnson, K. S., Sanders, L. L., Olsen, M., Ammarell, N., & Grossoehme, D. (2016). The feasibility and acceptability of a chaplain-led intervention for caregivers of seriously ill patients: A Caregiver Outlook pilot study. Palliative and Supportive Care, 14(5), 456–467. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1478951515001248

Subhannur Rahman, Yumi Baida Rahmah. (2020). Literature Review: Kebutuhan Spiritual Pada Pasien Dengan Ulkus Diabetik. Nursing Science Journal (NSJ), 1(2), 6–11. https://doi.org/10.53510/nsj.v1i2.25

Timmins, F., Connolly, M., Palmisano, S., Burgos, D., Juárez, L. M., Gusman, A., Soriano, V., Jewdokimow, M., Sad?o?, W., Serrano, A. L., Caballero, D. C., Campagna, S., & García-Peñuela, J. M. V. (2022). Providing Spiritual Care to In-Hospital Patients During COVID-19: A Preliminary European Fact-Finding Study. Journal of Religion and Health, 61(3), 2212–2232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-022-01553-1

Torke, A. M., Varner-perez, S. E., Emily, S., Maiko, S. M., Pfeffer, B. J., & Banks, S. K. (2023). Effects of Spiritual Care on Well-being of Intensive Care Family Surrogates: A Clinical Trial Alexia. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 65(4), 296–307. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2022.12.007

Utami, R. W., Siwi, A. S., & Wibowo, T. H. (2023). Kebutuhan Spiritual Pada Pasien Kanker Dalam Menjalani Kemoterapi di RSU Dadi Keluarga. Jurnal Kesehatan, 16(00002), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.35960/vm.v16i2.853

Y?lmaz, T., Çekiç, Y., & Altay, B. (2023). Intensive & Critical Care Nursing The effects of spiritual care intervention on spiritual well-being , loneliness , hope and life satisfaction of intensive care unit patients. Intensive & Critical Care Nursing, 77(April). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2023.103438

Yustilawati, E., Amal, A. A., & Khotimah, N. K. (2025). Dukungan Pelayanan dengan Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Spiritual Pasien di Ruang Perawatan Kritis Service Support with Fulfillment of Spiritual Needs of Patients in the Critical Care Unit. 5(01), 39–43.