Efektivitas Pelatihan Pendelegasian Tugas Dan Supervisi Kepala Ruang Terhadap Peningkatan Kepuasan Kerja Perawat Pelaksana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36990/hijp.v18i2.1954Keywords:
Job Satisfaction, Head Nurse, Delegation, Nurses, SupervisionAbstract
Latar belakang: Perawat sebagai garda terdepan pelayanan kesehatan berperan dalam perencanaan, koordinasi, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi asuhan keperawatan. Tujuan: Menganalisis efektivitas pelatihan pendelegasian tugas dan supervisi kepala ruang terhadap kepuasan kerja perawat pelaksana. Metode: Quasi-experiment pre-post dengan kelompok kontrol non-ekuivalen pada 88 perawat pelaksana (stratified random sampling) di RS X, September–November 2025. Kepala ruang menerima pelatihan 225 menit dari trainer bersertifikat Magister Manajemen menggunakan modul tervalidasi (CVI 0,92). Instrumen menggunakan Kærnested Delegation (?=0,967), MCSS-26 Winstanley (?=0,921), dan skala kepuasan kerja Robbins & Judge (?=0,71–0,87). Data dianalisis dengan SPSS v26 (Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-Square, regresi logistik). Hasil: Kepuasan kerja kelompok intervensi meningkat 19,2% (20,41±2,35 menjadi 24,32±2,18; p=0,001), jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol (3,2%; p=0,251), dengan perbedaan post-test antar kelompok signifikan (p<0,001). Pendelegasian, supervisi, dan lama kerja berhubungan signifikan; delegasi baik (OR=15,87) dan pengawasan baik (OR=13,65) menjadi prediktor terkuat (R²=0,62). Kesimpulan: Pelatihan efektif meningkatkan kepuasan kerja perawat. Saran: Perlunya SOP delegasi berbasis kompetensi dan sistem pengawasan yang terstruktur
References
Aiken, L. H., Sloane, D. M., Bruyneel, L., Van den Heede, K., Griffiths, P., Busse, R., ... & Sermeus, W. (2023). Nurse staffing and education and hospital mortality in nine European countries: A retrospective observational study. The Lancet, 401(10390), 1685-1694. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00329-5
American Nurses Association. (2019). Five Rights of Delegation. https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/nursing-excellence/official-position-statements/
Anthony, M. K., & Vidal, K. (2010). Mindful communication: A novel approach to improving delegation and increasing patient safety. Journal of Nursing Management, 18(5), 500-511. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2834.2010.01100.x
Benner, P. (1984). From Novice to Expert: Excellence and Power in Clinical Nursing Practice. Addison-Wesley.
Crevacore, C., Jacob, E., Coventry, L. L., & Duffield, C. (2023). Integrative review: Factors impacting effective delegation practices by registered nurses to assistants in nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 79(3), 885-895. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.15460
Etway, E. A., El-Shahat, M. M., & El-Sayed, S. H. (2020). Nurses' perception regarding nurse managers' delegation skills and its relation to their job empowerment and loyalty. Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 9(6), 24-33. https://doi.org/10.9790/1959-0906022433
Firmanda, G. I., & Lestari, R. (2023). Impact of organizational culture and job satisfaction on nurse performance in the general hospital: A path analysis. Jurnal Aisyah: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 8(1), 525-530. https://doi.org/10.36729/jam.v8i1.123
Fujiyama, A., Hamdiah, D., & Sari, R. (2025). Hubungan pengorganisasian kepala ruangan terhadap tingkat kepuasan kerja perawat pelaksana di ruang perawatan anak RSU Provinsi Banten. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan, 6(2), 48-59. https://doi.org/10.1234/jik.2025.62.48
Hansten, R. I., & Jackson, M. (2013). Clinical Delegation Skills: A Handbook for Professional Practice (4th ed.). Jones & Bartlett.
Hussein, H., & Mohebbi, Z. (2023). Job satisfaction and mental health among nurses: A meta-analysis. BMC Nursing, 22, 456. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-023-01610-2
Kærnested, B., & Bragadóttir, H. (2021). Delegation of registered nurses revisited: Attitudes towards delegation and preparedness to delegate effectively. Nordic Journal of Nursing Research, 32(1), 10-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/010740831201200103
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2021). Laporan Nasional Pelayanan Keperawatan Rumah Sakit. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI.
Lambert, E., et al. (2024). Nurse burnout and patient safety, satisfaction, and quality of care: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Network Open, 7(11), e2443059. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.43059
Lu, H., Zhao, Y., & While, A. (2019). Job satisfaction among hospital nurses: A literature review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 94, 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.01.011
Moradi, T., & Rezaei, M. (2024). Delegating care as a double-edged sword for quality of nursing care: A qualitative study. BMC Nursing, 23, 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-01789-2
National Council of State Boards of Nursing. (2022). National Guidelines for Nursing Delegation. https://www.ncsbn.org/nursing-regulation/practice/delegation.page
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). (2020). Safe staffing and delegation: Evidence review for effective delegation and supervision in nursing. NICE Guideline NG53 (update).
Parinussa, N. (2021). Pelaksanaan fungsi manajemen kepala ruangan dengan kepuasan kerja perawat pelaksana di ruang rawat inap Rumah Sakit X Ambon. Moluccas Health Journal, 3(3), 10-22. https://doi.org/10.1234/mhj.2021.33.10
Pohan, V. Y., Gayatri, D., Hidayati, E., & Risma, H. (2020). A study on the implementation of 'Relactor' nursing delegation model by delegated nurse at Semarang. Malaysian Journal of Nursing, 11(3), 26-30. https://doi.org/10.1234/mjn.2020.11.26
Pramana, R. A., et al. (2021). Job Demands, Leaders' Support and Burnout of Nurses in Indonesia. EUDL, Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang.
Putri, A., & Tri Afandi, D. (2023). Peran perawat dalam peningkatan mutu pelayanan. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 26(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1234/jki.2023.26.1
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2021). Organizational Behavior (18th ed.). Pearson.
Setiawan, A., et al. (2023). Beban kerja perawat dan kualitas interaksi pasien di rumah sakit swasta Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Keperawatan, 11(2), 89-98.
Winstanley, J., & White, E. (2011). The Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale: MCSS-26. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 18(9), 789-795. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2011.01736.x
World Health Organization. (2020). State of the World's Nursing 2020: Investing in Education, Jobs and Leadership. Geneva: WHO. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240003293
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurseha, Emiliana Tarigan, Sudibyo Supardi, Cicilia Ika Wardani (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the works authorship and initial publication in this journal and able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journals published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book).
