Analysis of Risk Factors for Acute Respiratory Infection Based on Physical Environment Conditions in Spermonde Island Communities

Abstract

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is an environment-based disease and one of the infectious diseases that causes high morbidity and mortality rates in the world. ISPA cases are spread across all regencies and cities of South Sulawesi Province and one of them is in the Spermonde Archipelago, Makassar City. In general, there are three main risk factors for the occurrence of ARI, namely environmental, individual, and behavioural factors. This study aims to analyze environmental factors that influence the incidence of ARI in the Spermonde Islands. This type of research is an analytic survey with a cross-sectional study approach and then bivariate analysis is carried out using Chi-Square. The results of the data analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the variables of house floor area (p = 0.000), indoor lighting (p = 0.023), occupancy density (p = 0.000), and use of mosquito coils (0.000). There were also variables that were not related to the incidence of ARI, namely the smoking habits of family members (p = 0.087), the presence of ventilation (p = 0.252), and the air temperature in the house (p = 0.709). This study concludes that environmental factors that influence the incidence of ARI are the floor area of the house, the lighting in the house, the density of occupants, and the use of mosquito coils.