True Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur

Abstract

Backgrounds: True neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (TN-TOS) is a chronic compressive brachial plexopathy involving the roots of the C8, T1, or lower trunk nerves. Diagnosing TN-TOS clinically is quite difficult because this disease is very rare and there is no gold standard for diagnosing TN-TOS. Due to the rarity of these cases, there is little literature describing the neurological, electrodiagnostic and radiological findings of TN-TOS and many TN-TOS patients undergo unnecessary surgical management. Aim: The author aims to bring together various literature and provide the latest references regarding TN-TOS. Method: This literature review takes samples in the form of related scientific studies published in the 2018-2023 range with the keyword "true neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome" which was reviewed through the database. Literature that met the inclusion criteria was included. Results: The results obtained by TN-TOS are a subtype of thoracic outlet syndrome and make up about 95% of all cases. This disease is usually associated with repeated use of the upper extremities, trauma or congenital abnormalities. Symptoms include upper extremity pain, shoulder pain, neck pain, chest pain, supraclavicular pain, occipital headache, paresthesias and weakness in hands, forearms and shoulders. Conclusion: Required physical examination, and significant support so that patients get the right management.