Peran Cranberry Terhadap Rekurensi Infeksi Saluran Kemih: Sebuah Review

Abstract

Recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) was defined as at least three episodes of UTI within twelve months, or at least two episodes within six months.  According to the World Health Organization (WHO), urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second most common infectious disease and as many as 8.3 million cases are reported per year.  There are many factors that can influence the development and recurrence of a UTI.  Women who have had a recurrent UTI have a higher risk than those who have never been diagnosed with a uti.  Antibiotics are a prophylactic treatment for recurrent UTIs.  However there are alternatives available, such as cranberries, probiotics, and traditional Chinese medicine.  Cranberry is an alternative that can be selected in the prevention of UTI in an era of high rates of antibiotic resistance and recurrent UTI.  Cranberries work mainly by preventing the attachment of type 1 pili and p-fimbriae strains to the epithelium of the urinary tract.  This study aims to determine the benefits of using cranberries for recurrent UTIs and the effectiveness of using cranberries for prophylaxis of recurrent UTIs compared to prophylactic antibiotics.  This research method is a literature review by searching and selecting literature published in the last 10 years and then selecting journals with open access selection and 47 journals that fulfill this are obtained.  The results showed that cranberry juice can lower urine pH to treat UTIs and has proanthocyanidins that prevent bacteria from sticking to the bladder.  Another study reported that the concentration of hippuric acid in urine is insufficient for antibacterial effect.  In addition, several studies stated that there was no significant difference between the use of cranberry products and patients who received a placebo.  So consumption of Cranberry extract cannot replace antibiotics when an active UTI occurs.  Consumption of cranberry extract can be recommended for additional therapy for active UTIs, as well as for recurrent ISK prophylaxis, but must be kept together with antibiotics.